0000766829-25-000038 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer

General (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

The unaudited interim financial information has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in SJW Group’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025, should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenue

Water sales are seasonal in nature and influenced by weather conditions. The timing of precipitation and climatic conditions can cause seasonal water consumption by customers to vary significantly. Due to the seasonal nature of the water business, the operating results for interim periods are not indicative of the operating results for a 12-month period. Revenue is generally higher in the warm, dry summer months when water usage and sales are greater, and lower in the winter months when cooler temperatures and increased precipitation curtail water usage resulting in lower sales.

Fair Value Measurement

The following instruments are not measured at fair value on SJW Group’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025, but require disclosure of their fair values: cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable. The estimated fair value of such instruments as of March 31, 2025 approximates their carrying value as reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. There have been no changes in valuation techniques during the three months ended

March 31, 2025. The fair value of these instruments would be categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, with the exception of cash and cash equivalents, which would be categorized as Level 1.

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated using income available to common stockholders, divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated using income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of shares of common stock including both shares outstanding and shares potentially issuable in connection with restricted common stock awards under SJW Group’s long-term incentive plans and shares potentially issuable under SJW Group’s employee stock purchase plans.

New Accounting Standards

The recently issued accounting standards that have not yet been adopted by the company as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:

Standard

Description

Date of Adoption

Application

Effect on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09 “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”

The ASU amends certain income tax disclosure requirements, including adding requirements to present the reconciliation of income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to actual income tax expense using both percentages and amounts and providing a disaggregation of income taxes paid. Further, certain disclosures are eliminated, including the current requirement to disclose information on changes in unrecognized tax benefits in the next 12 months.

SJW Group will adopt the ASU beginning with its annual financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2025.

Prospective, with retrospective application also permitted.

SJW Group is currently evaluating the requirements of ASU 2023-09.

ASU 2024-03 “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses”

The ASU requires disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. The ASU requires disclosure of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization in interim and annual reporting periods. Further, other amounts already required to be disclosed in accordance with current U.S. GAAP would be included in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements. Additionally, the ASU requires qualitative descriptions of amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively as well as disclosure of selling expenses in annual periods and an entity’s definition of selling expenses.

The ASU is effective for SJW Group for its annual financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2027 and for interim reporting periods for the year ending December 31, 2028. Early adoption is permitted.

Prospective, with retrospective application also permitted.

SJW Group is currently evaluating the requirements of ASU 2024-03.

Equity Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Equity Plans

SJW Group’s long-term incentive plans provide employees, non-employee board members or the board of directors of any parent or subsidiary, consultants, and other independent advisors who provide services to the company or subsidiary the opportunity to acquire an equity interest in SJW Group. SJW Group also maintains stock plans in connection with its acquisition of CTWS which are no longer granting new stock awards. In addition, shares are issued to employees under SJW Group’s employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”). As of March 31, 2025, 231,971 shares are issuable upon the vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and deferred restricted stock units and an additional 931,045 shares are available for award issuances under the long-term incentive plans.

A summary of compensation costs charged to income, by award type, and proceeds from the ESPP, are presented below for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Compensation costs charged to income:
ESPP	$	89	195
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock	1,121		1,343
Total compensation costs charged to income	$	1,210	1,538
ESPP proceeds	$	1,116	1,101

Restricted Stock and Deferred Restricted Stock

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, SJW Group granted 46,405 and 37,520, respectively, of three-year service-based restricted stock awards with a weighted average grant date fair value per unit of $44.17 and $61.10, respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, SJW Group granted 56,646 and 44,433 target units, respectively, of performance-based and market-based restricted stock awards with a weighted-average grant date fair value per unit of $51.87 and $53.69, respectively. Based upon actual attainment relative to the target performance metric, the number of shares issuable can range between 0% to 150% of the target number of shares for performance-based restricted stock awards, or between 0% and 200% of the target number of shares for market-based restricted stock awards.

As of March 31, 2025, the total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted and deferred restricted stock plans was $8,981. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.18 years.

General (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of SJW Group's Revenue Components

SJW Group’s revenue components are as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	164,863	150,008
Alternative revenue programs, net	592		(1,837)
Other balancing and memorandum accounts and regulatory mechanisms, net	1,300		(564)
Rental income	844		1,775
	$	167,599	149,382

Schedule of Nonutility Properties

The major components of nonutility properties as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are as follows:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Land	$	915	915

Buildings and improvements	399		399

Subtotal	1,314		1,314
Less: accumulated depreciation	99		98
Total	$	1,215	1,216

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 3,471	$ 2,231
Effective consolidated income tax rate	17.00%	16.00%
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 3,838		$ 3,707

- Definition

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

+ References

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+ Details

General - Schedule of Nonutility Properties (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Land	$ 915	$ 915
Buildings and improvements	399	399
Subtotal	1,314	1,314
Less: accumulated depreciation	99	98
Net nonutility properties	$ 1,215	$ 1,216

Lines of Credit and Long-Term Liabilities	3 Months Ended
Lines of Credit and Long-Term Liabilities	Mar. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Lines of Credit and Long-Term Liabilities	Lines of Credit and Long-Term Liabilities SJW Group’s contractual obligations and commitments include senior notes, bank term loans, revenue bonds, state revolving fund loans and other obligations. Lines of Credit The weighted average interest rate on short-term borrowings outstanding at March 31, 2025, was 5.47%, compared to 6.08% at December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025, the unused portion of the lines of credit was $197,410. On April 15, 2025, CTWS extended the maturity date on its $40,000 credit agreement from May 15, 2025 to August 13, 2025.

Benefit Plans - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Benefit Plans - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected required and discretionary employer cash contributions	$ 6,113
Employer plan contributions	$ 1,477
CTWS Employees
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Rate of compensation increase	1.50%

Capitalization (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	5 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Oct. 29, 2024
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
At The Market Offering
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)				$ 0.001
Aggregate gross sales price (up to)				$ 200,000
Shares issued in offering (in shares)	495,900	871,413
Weighted average price per share (in usd per share)	$ 53.87	$ 54.56
Net proceeds from stock offering	$ 26,545	$ 46,713
Total equity distribution	$ 152,460	$ 152,460

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2025	Apr. 22, 2025
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2025
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-8966
Entity Registrant Name	SJW GROUP
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	77-0066628
Entity Address, Address Line One	110 West Taylor Street
Entity Address, City or Town	San Jose
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	95110
City Area Code	(408)
Local Phone Number	279-7800
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Trading Symbol	SJW
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		34,182,947
Entity Central Index Key	0000766829
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

Equity Plans - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity instruments granted (in shares)	46,405	37,520
Grant date fair value of equity instruments granted (in usd per share)	$ 44.17	$ 61.10
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 8,981
Recognition period for unrecognized compensation cost	2 years 2 months 4 days
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Service-based restricted stock vesting period	3 years	3 years
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock \| Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares issuable upon exercise of incentive plan awards (in shares)	231,971
Remaining shares available for issuance (in shares)	931,045
Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of equity instruments granted (in shares)	56,646	44,433
Grant date fair value of equity instruments granted (in usd per share)	$ 51.87	$ 53.69
Performance Shares \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Target vesting percentage	150.00%
Performance Shares \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Target vesting percentage	0.00%
Market-based RSU \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Target vesting percentage	200.00%
Market-based RSU \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Target vesting percentage	0.00%

Regulatory Matters

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Regulated Operations [Abstract]

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory assets and liabilities are comprised of the following as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Regulatory assets:
Income tax temporary differences (a) (p)	$	181,282	180,103
Monterey Water Revenue Adjustment Mechanism (“MWRAM”) (b)	13,032		9,985
Business combinations debt premium (c) (p)	11,678		12,313
Employee benefit costs (d) (p)	6,262		6,370
Revenue adjustment mechanisms (e) (p)	5,766		5,024
Customer Assistance Program (“CAP”) balancing account (f)	5,717		6,599
2022 general rate case interim memorandum account (h)	2,249		3,392
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits (g) (p)	1,506		3,177

Other (j)	15,682		15,264
Total regulatory assets	243,174		242,227
Less: current regulatory assets (k)	16,572		18,172
Total regulatory assets, less current portion	$	226,602	224,055
Regulatory liabilities:
Cost of removal (l)	372,029		364,398
Future income tax benefits due to customers (m)	83,670		84,128
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits (g)	27,782		27,872
Water supply costs (i)	4,726		3,386
Employee benefit costs (d)	3,028		1,137
Revenue adjustment mechanisms (e)	573		1,122
Other (n)	2,722		2,798
Total regulatory liabilities	494,530		484,841
Less: current regulatory liabilities (o)	573		1,122
Total regulatory liabilities, less current portion	$	493,957	483,719

___________________________________

(a)Consists primarily of temporary income tax differences that are flowed through to customers, which will be recovered in future rates as these temporary differences reverse. The company expects to recover regulatory assets related to plant depreciation income tax temporary differences over the lives of the plant assets, which are between 5 to 100 years.

(b)MWRAM is described in the following section.

(c)Consists of debt fair value adjustments recognized through purchase accounting for the completed merger with CTWS in 2019.

(d)Includes deferrals of pension and other postretirement benefit expense and cost of accrued benefits for vacation, and group health insurance.

(e)Primarily relates to Water Rate Adjustment mechanism (“WRA”). WRA and Water Conservation Memorandum Account (“WCMA”) are described in the following section.

(f)Represents costs associated with SJWC’s CAP.

(g)Represents actuarial losses and gains and prior service cost that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost for certain pension and other postretirement benefit plans.

(h)Represents the difference between revenues collected in interim rates in effect as of January 1, 2022 and revenues that would result from rates authorized in SJWC’s 2022 general rate case retroactive to January 1, 2022.

(i)Reflects primarily SJWC’s Full Cost Balancing Account (“FCBA”), which tracks differences in actual water supply costs compared to amounts assumed in base rates, including applicable changes and variations in costs and quantities that affect the overall mix of the water supply.

(j)Other includes other balancing and memorandum accounts and regulatory mechanisms, deferred costs for certain information technology activities, asset retirement obligations, tank painting, well reconditioning and rate case expenses.

(k)Primarily relates to SJWC’s balancing and memorandum account surcharge in accordance with Decision No. 24-12-077 and the current portion of CWC’s deferred well redevelopment and rate case costs.

(l)Represents amounts collected in rates from customers for estimated costs to retire assets at the end of their expected useful lives before the costs are incurred.

(m)On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Act included a reduction in the federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The rate reduction was effective on January 1, 2018 and resulted in a regulatory liability for the excess deferred

income taxes. The benefit of amortization of excess deferred income taxes flows back to the customers under current normalization rules and agreed upon methods with the commissions.

(n)Other includes accrued tank painting costs and other regulatory mechanisms.

(o)Primarily relates to the current portion of WRA.

(p)Generally, not earning a return either by interest on the regulatory asset or as a component of rate base at the allowed rate of return.

SJWC has established balancing accounts for the purpose of tracking the under-collection or over-collection associated with expense changes and the revenue authorized by the CPUC to offset those expense changes. SJWC has been authorized for the use of the FCBA to track water supply costs and energy consumption. The MWRAM balancing account tracks the difference between the revenue received for actual metered sales through the tiered volumetric rate and the revenue that would have been received with the same actual metered sales if a uniform rate would have been in effect.

SJWC also maintains memorandum accounts to track impacts due to catastrophic events, certain unforeseen water quality expenses related to new federal and state water quality standards, energy efficiency, water conservation, water tariffs, and other approved activities or as directed by the CPUC. The WCMA allows SJWC to track lost revenue, net of related water costs, associated with reduced sales due to water conservation and associated calls for water use reductions, both mandatory and voluntary. SJWC records the lost revenue captured in the WCMA balancing accounts, including amounts related to a 20-basis point reduction in the authorized return on equity per the terms of the WCMA. Applicable drought surcharges collected are used to offset the revenue losses tracked in the WCMA. All balancing accounts and memorandum accounts not included for recovery or refund in the current general rate case will be reviewed by the CPUC in SJWC’s next general rate case or at the time an individual account balance reaches a threshold of 2% of authorized revenue, whichever occurs first. On December 19, 2024, the CPUC issued General Rate Case Decision No. 24-12-077, which approved a recovery of $15,792 in balancing and memorandum accounts from customers through a 12-month surcharge effective January 1, 2025.

CWC has been authorized by the Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (“PURA”) to utilize a WRA, a decoupling mechanism, to mitigate risk associated with changes in demand. The WRA is used to reconcile actual water demands with the demands projected in the most recent general rate case and allows the company to implement a surcharge or sur-credit as necessary to recover or refund the revenues approved in the general rate case. The WRA allows the company to defer, as a regulatory asset or liability, the amount by which actual revenues deviate from the revenues allowed in the most recent general rate proceedings.

Regulatory Matters - Regulatory Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	$ 243,174	$ 242,227
Less: current regulatory assets	16,572	18,172
Total regulatory assets, less current portion	226,602	224,055
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	494,530	484,841
Less: current regulatory liabilities	573	1,122
Total regulatory liabilities, less current portion	$ 493,957	483,719
Minimum
Regulatory assets:
Estimated service lives of assets	5 years
Maximum
Regulatory assets:
Estimated service lives of assets	100 years
Cost of removal
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	$ 372,029	364,398
Future income tax benefits due to customers
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	83,670	84,128
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	27,782	27,872
Water supply costs
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	4,726	3,386
Employee benefit costs
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	3,028	1,137
Revenue adjustment mechanisms
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	573	1,122
Other
Regulatory liabilities:
Total regulatory liabilities	2,722	2,798
Future income tax benefits due to customers
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	181,282	180,103
Monterey Water Revenue Adjustment Mechanism
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	13,032	9,985
Business combinations debt premium
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	11,678	12,313
Employee benefit costs
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	6,262	6,370
Revenue adjustment mechanisms
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	5,766	5,024
Customer Assistance Program ("CAP") balancing account
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	5,717	6,599
2022 general rate case interim memorandum account
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	2,249	3,392
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	1,506	3,177
Other
Regulatory assets:
Total regulatory assets	$ 15,682	$ 15,264

Benefit Plans - Schedule of Net Benefit Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Pension Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 1,644	$ 1,665
Interest cost	3,901	3,613
Expected return on assets	(4,944)	(4,463)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss	(458)	(18)
Amortization of prior service cost	0	4
Total	143	801
Other Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	156	166
Interest cost	337	295
Expected return on assets	(295)	(267)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss	(214)	(160)
Amortization of prior service cost	0	0
Total	$ (16)	$ 34

Segment Reporting - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
Segment Reporting - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2025 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	1

Regulatory Matters - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Dec. 19, 2024	Mar. 31, 2025
Regulated Operations [Abstract]
Reduction in authorized return of equity		0.20%
Authorized revenue, threshold percentage		2.00%
Balancing and memorandum revenue account, refunds (collections)	$ 15,792

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Utility plant:
Land	$ 44,657	$ 44,657
Depreciable plant and equipment	4,311,934	4,249,314
Construction work in progress	199,039	179,486
Intangible assets	51,604	51,604
Total utility plant	4,607,234	4,525,061
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	1,058,985	1,036,450
Net utility plant	3,548,249	3,488,611
Nonutility properties	1,314	1,314
Less: accumulated depreciation	99	98
Net nonutility properties	1,215	1,216
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	23,696	11,114
Accounts receivable:
Customers, net of allowances for credit losses of $1,149 and $1,172 on March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively	65,854	68,679
Income tax	4,507	5,953
Other	6,775	7,059
Accrued unbilled revenue	58,616	60,847
Prepaid expenses	13,336	10,297
Current regulatory assets	16,572	18,172
Other current assets	7,916	8,593
Total current assets	197,272	190,714
Other assets:
Regulatory assets, less current portion	226,602	224,055
Investments	18,622	18,087
Postretirement benefit plans	67,848	66,422
Goodwill	640,311	640,311
Other	28,691	28,893
Total other assets	982,074	977,768
Total assets	4,728,810	4,658,309
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding shares 34,182,785 on March 31, 2025 and 33,629,169 on December 31, 2024	34	34
Additional paid-in capital	855,759	827,796
Retained earnings	539,584	537,184
Accumulated other comprehensive income	1,960	1,960
Total stockholders’ equity	1,397,337	1,366,974
Long-term debt, less current portion	1,691,475	1,706,904
Total capitalization	3,088,812	3,073,878
Current liabilities:
Lines of credit	152,590	119,124
Current portion of long-term debt	18,665	3,648
Accrued groundwater extraction charges, purchased water and power	23,312	25,118
Accounts payable	46,654	56,256
Accrued interest	20,230	17,476
Accrued payroll	9,817	15,193
Current regulatory liabilities	573	1,122
Other current liabilities	24,838	23,236
Total current liabilities	296,679	261,173
Deferred income taxes	280,132	276,043
Advances for construction	162,334	155,397
Contributions in aid of construction	340,395	340,738
Postretirement benefit plans	43,613	45,063
Regulatory liabilities, less current portion	493,957	483,719
Other noncurrent liabilities	22,888	22,298
Commitments and contingencies
Total capitalization and liabilities	$ 4,728,810	$ 4,658,309

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Income tax expense for the for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $3,471 and $2,231, respectively. The effective consolidated income tax rates were 17% and 16% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily due to a higher pre-tax income. SJW Group had unrecognized tax benefits, before the impact of deductions of state taxes, excluding interest and penalties, of $3,838 and $3,707 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. SJW Group currently does not expect uncertain tax positions to change significantly over the next 12 months, except in the case of a lapse of the statute of limitations.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

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-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1

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-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

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-Publisher FASB
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-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

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-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Benefit Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Benefit Costs

The components of net periodic benefit costs for the defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:


	Pension Benefits			Other Benefits
	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024	2025		2024
Service cost	$	1,644	1,665	$	156	166
Interest cost	3,901		3,613	337		295
Expected return on assets	(4,944)		(4,463)	(295)		(267)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss	(458)		(18)	(214)		(160)
Amortization of prior service cost	—		4	—		—
Total	$	143	801	$	(16)	34

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		32,023,004
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 1,233,397	$ 32	$ 736,191	$ 495,383	$ 1,791
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	11,699			11,699
Unrealized loss on investment, net of tax	(442)				(442)
Stock-based compensation	1,529		1,538	(9)
Issuance of restricted and deferred stock units (in shares)		30,432
Issuance of restricted and deferred stock units	(1,215)		(1,215)
Employee stock purchase plan (in shares)		21,755
Employee stock purchase plan	1,101		1,101
Common stock issuance, net of costs (in shares)		126,025
Common stock issuance, net of costs	7,006		7,006
Dividends paid	(12,824)			(12,824)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		32,201,216
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 1,240,251	$ 32	744,621	494,249	1,349
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	33,629,169	33,629,169
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 1,366,974	$ 34	827,796	537,184	1,960
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	16,551			16,551
Stock-based compensation	1,201		1,210	(9)
Issuance of restricted and deferred stock units (in shares)		31,587
Issuance of restricted and deferred stock units	(908)		(908)
Employee stock purchase plan (in shares)		26,129
Employee stock purchase plan	1,116		1,116
Common stock issuance, net of costs (in shares)		495,900
Common stock issuance, net of costs	26,545		26,545
Dividends paid	$ (14,142)			(14,142)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025	34,182,785	34,182,785
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2025	$ 1,397,337	$ 34	$ 855,759	$ 539,584	$ 1,960

Segment Reporting (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment

The following tables set forth information relating to SJW Group's reportable segment and other business activities:


	For the three months ended March 31, 2025
	Reportable Segment
	Water Utility Services		Other Services (1)	Unallocated Corporate (2)	Consolidated
Operating revenue	$	165,156	2,443	—	167,599

Less:
Production expenses	57,985		982	—	58,967
Administrative and general	26,751		560	449	27,760
Maintenance	7,003		496	—	7,499
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	9,209		(59)	45	9,195
Depreciation and amortization	28,032		27	223	28,282
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	13,039		—	5,233	18,272

Provision (benefit) for income taxes	5,306		226	(2,061)	3,471
Other (3)	(1,122)		(99)	(1,177)	(2,398)
Net income (loss)	$	18,953	310	(2,712)	16,551

Capital expenditures	$	84,345	—	—	84,345


	For the three months ended March 31, 2024
	Reportable Segment
	Water Utility Services		Other Services (1)	Unallocated Corporate (2)	Consolidated
Operating revenue	$	144,915	4,467	—	149,382

Less:
Production expenses	51,037		758	(1)	51,794
Administrative and general	23,850		810	1,128	25,788
Maintenance	6,243		444	—	6,687
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	8,590		238	2	8,830
Depreciation and amortization	28,061		86	223	28,370
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	11,542		221	5,821	17,584

Provision (benefit) for income taxes	3,696		584	(2,049)	2,231
Other (3)	(2,885)		(8)	(708)	(3,601)
Net income (loss)	$	14,781	1,334	(4,416)	11,699

Capital expenditures	$	73,511	—	—	73,511

___________________________________

(1) The “Other Services” category includes the accounts of SJW Land Co, Chester Reality, Inc., SJWC’s Cupertino service concession arrangement operations, TWOS, TWR, and NEWUS, on a stand-alone basis.

(2) The “Unallocated Corporate” category includes the accounts of SJW Group, SJWNE LLC, SJWTX Holdings, Inc., CTWS, NWU on a stand-alone basis.

(3) Primarily comprised of pension non-service credit (cost) and items of miscellaneous non-operating income (expense).

SJW Group’s assets for the Water Utility Services reportable segment and all other are as follows as of:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Water Utility Services (reportable segment)	$	4,633,239	4,567,182
Other Services	27,841		25,053
Unallocated Corporate	67,730		66,074
Total assets	$	4,728,810	4,658,309

Capitalization	3 Months Ended
Capitalization	Mar. 31, 2025
Equity [Abstract]
Capitalization	Capitalization In October 2024, SJW Group entered into an equity distribution agreement (the, “Equity Distribution Agreement”) with BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, RBC Capital Markets, LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, pursuant to which the company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, $0.001 par value per share, from time to time in “at-the-market” offerings, having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $200,000. The Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the previous agreement that ended in 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, SJW Group issued and sold a total of 495,900 shares of common stock with a weighted average price of $53.87 per share and received $26,545 in net proceeds under the Equity Distribution Agreement. Since the inception of the Equity Distribution Agreement, SJW Group has issued and sold 871,413 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $54.56 for a total net proceeds of $46,713 and has $152,460 of aggregate gross sales price of shares remaining to issue under the Equity Distribution Agreement as of March 31, 2025.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

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-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

General - Fair Value Measurement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, fair value	$ 1,507,329	$ 1,490,024
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, fair value	1,490,464	1,473,393
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, fair value	16,865	16,631
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 \| Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Fair value of plan assets	$ 2,763	$ 2,812

- Definition

Amount of asset segregated and restricted to provide benefit under defined benefit plan. Asset includes, but is not limited to, stock, bond, other investment, earning from investment, and contribution by employer and employee.

+ References + Details

General - Schedule of SJW Group's Revenue Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 164,863	$ 150,008
Alternative revenue programs, net	592	(1,837)
Other balancing and memorandum accounts and regulatory mechanisms, net	1,300	(564)
Rental income	844	1,775
Operating revenue	$ 167,599	$ 149,382

- Definition

Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

+ References

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+ Details

- Definition

Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).

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+ Details

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies SJW Group and its subsidiaries are subject to ordinary routine litigation incidental to its business. In October 2023, CWC, a subsidiary of SJW Group, was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit alleging that the water provided by CWC contained contaminants. The case is currently pending in the State of Connecticut Superior Court. CWC intends to vigorously defend itself in this lawsuit. SJW Group is unable to provide a reasonable estimate of loss, if any, at this time. SJWC and CWC are plaintiffs in a lawsuit against manufacturers of certain PFAS compounds for damages, contribution and reimbursement of costs incurred and continuing to be incurred to address the presence of such PFAS compounds in public water supply systems owned and operated by these utility subsidiaries and throughout their respective service areas. The lawsuit is part of Multi-District Litigation (“MDL”) that commenced on December 7, 2018, in the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina. MWC has submitted timely claims as a settlement class member. On February 8, 2024, the MDL court approved settlements involving defendants The Chemours Company, Corteva, Inc., and DuPont de Nemours, Inc. to resolve claims brought in the MDL against them by public water systems, including SJWC and CWC. On March 29, 2024, the MDL court approved a similar settlement involving defendant 3M. On November 22, 2024, the MDL court approved settlements involving defendants Tyco Fire Products LP, Chemgaurd, Inc., and BASF Corporation. SJW Group is entitled to a portion of the settlements and is monitoring and evaluating the ongoing litigation and settlement activity with the PFAS manufacturers for potential impacts to the various claims that these utility subsidiaries have asserted.

Segment Reporting - Reportable Segment and Other Business Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenue	$ 167,599	$ 149,382
Less:
Production expenses	58,967	51,794
Administrative and general	27,760	25,788
Maintenance	7,499	6,687
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	9,195	8,830
Depreciation and amortization	28,282	28,370
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	18,272	17,584
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	3,471	2,231
Other	(2,398)	(3,601)
Net income	16,551	11,699
Capital expenditures	84,345	73,511
Assets	4,728,810		$ 4,658,309
Operating Segments \| Water Utility Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenue	165,156	144,915
Less:
Production expenses	57,985	51,037
Administrative and general	26,751	23,850
Maintenance	7,003	6,243
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	9,209	8,590
Depreciation and amortization	28,032	28,061
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	13,039	11,542
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	5,306	3,696
Other	(1,122)	(2,885)
Net income	18,953	14,781
Capital expenditures	84,345	73,511
Assets	4,633,239		4,567,182
Other Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenue	2,443	4,467
Less:
Production expenses	982	758
Administrative and general	560	810
Maintenance	496	444
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	(59)	238
Depreciation and amortization	27	86
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	0	221
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	226	584
Other	(99)	(8)
Net income	310	1,334
Capital expenditures	0	0
Assets	27,841		25,053
Unallocated Corporate
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenue	0	0
Less:
Production expenses	0	(1)
Administrative and general	449	1,128
Maintenance	0	0
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	45	2
Depreciation and amortization	223	223
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	5,233	5,821
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	(2,061)	(2,049)
Other	(1,177)	(708)
Net income	(2,712)	(4,416)
Capital expenditures	0	$ 0
Assets	$ 67,730		$ 66,074

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Parenthetical) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Unrealized loss on investment, tax expense (benefit) \| $	$ 163
Dividends per share (in usd per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.40

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Statement [Abstract]
Operating revenue	$ 167,599	$ 149,382
Production Expenses:
Purchased water	25,953	26,192
Power	3,483	2,427
Groundwater extraction charges	18,291	12,126
Other production expenses	11,240	11,049
Total production expenses	58,967	51,794
Administrative and general	27,760	25,788
Maintenance	7,499	6,687
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	9,195	8,830
Depreciation and amortization	28,282	28,370
Total operating expense	131,703	121,469
Operating income	35,896	27,913
Other (expense) income:
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	(18,272)	(17,584)
Pension non-service credit	1,603	950
Other, net	795	2,651
Income before income taxes	20,022	13,930
Provision for income taxes	3,471	2,231
Net income	16,551	11,699
Other comprehensive loss, net	0	(442)
Comprehensive income	$ 16,551	$ 11,257
Earnings per share
Basic (in usd per share)	$ 0.49	$ 0.36
Diluted (in usd per share)	0.49	0.36
Dividends per share (in usd per share)	$ 0.42	$ 0.40
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic (in shares)	33,778,792	32,076,720
Diluted (in shares)	33,868,565	32,144,579

Lines of Credit and Long-Term Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 15, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted-average interest rate on short-term		5.47%	6.08%
Line of Credit \| Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused portion of line of credit		$ 197,410
Line of Credit \| Revolving Credit Facility \| CTWS Credit Agreement Maturing August 2025 \| Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 40,000

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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+ Details

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 16,551	$ 11,699
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	29,631	28,924
Deferred income taxes	3,020	649
Stock-based compensation	1,210	1,538
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	(834)	(528)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable and accrued unbilled utility revenue	5,355	11,910
Accounts payable and other current liabilities	(10,742)	(4,111)
Accrued groundwater extraction charges, purchased water and power	(1,807)	(7,274)
Tax receivable and payable, and other accrued taxes	4,962	4,098
Postretirement benefits	(1,294)	260
Regulatory assets and liabilities excluding cost of removal, income tax temporary differences and postretirement benefits	(577)	5,753
Other changes, net	(2,294)	(1,702)
Net cash provided by operating activities	43,181	51,216
Investing activities:
Company-funded	(77,461)	(68,879)
Contributions in aid of construction	(6,884)	(4,632)
Cost to retire utility plant, net of salvage	(414)	(744)
Other changes, net	0	(18)
Net cash used in investing activities	(84,759)	(74,273)
Financing activities:
Borrowings from lines of credit	67,403	87,645
Repayments of lines of credit	(33,938)	(49,281)
Long-term borrowings	0	25,000
Repayments of long-term borrowings	(1,071)	(40,971)
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	26,545	7,006
Dividends paid	(14,142)	(12,824)
Receipts of advances and contributions in aid of construction	9,838	2,285
Refunds of advances for construction	(674)	(616)
Other changes, net	199	(368)
Net cash provided by financing activities	54,160	17,876
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	12,582	(5,181)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	11,114	9,723
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	23,696	4,542
Cash paid (refunded) during the period for:
Interest	16,820	16,011
Interest, net of amounts capitalized	15,567	15,343
Income taxes	(680)	177
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:
Accrued payables for additions to utility plant	37,724	26,063
Utility property installed by developers	$ 999	$ 107

Equity Plans - Compensation Costs Charged to Income, by Award Type and Proceeds from ESPP (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation costs charged to income:	$ 1,210	$ 1,538
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation costs charged to income:	1,121	1,343
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation costs charged to income:	89	195
ESPP proceeds	$ 1,116	$ 1,101

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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+ Details

General - Earnings per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
General - Earnings per Share (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive restricted common stock units excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	37,791	12,221

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 16,551	$ 11,699

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

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+ Details

Segment Reporting

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

SJW Group’s single reportable segment provides water utility and utility-related services to its customers through SJW Group’s subsidiaries, SJWC, CWC, TWC, MWC, and Acequia, which are aggregated and referred to as “Water Utility Services.” Water Utility Services’ activities are water utility operations with both regulated and non-tariffed businesses. Other business activities that do not comprise separately reportable segments primarily include SJWC’s City of Cupertino service concession arrangement operations, property management and investment activity conducted by SJW Land Company and Chester Realty, Inc., contract water and sewer operations and other water-related services provided by NEWUS and are referred to as “Other Services.”

SJW Group’s operating segments have been determined based on information used by the chief operating decision maker. SJW Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) includes the Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer; the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; the Chief Operating Officer; the Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer; and the Vice President and General Counsel. However, ultimate decision-making authority rests with the Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis that is accompanied by certain disaggregated information about operating revenue, expenses, net income, and total assets. The CODM uses the net income to assess the financial performance of the segments and allocate resources (including employees, financial, or capital resources) in the budgeting and forecasting process.

Certain allocated assets, such as goodwill, revenue and expenses have been included in the reportable segment amounts. Certain corporate costs and expenses are not allocated to Water Utility Services or Other Services and are shown separately to reconcile to the applicable consolidated amounts. As previously disclosed, SJW Group updated its segment presentation in the fourth quarter of 2024. Accordingly, prior period information has been recast to conform with the current period presentation.

The following tables set forth information relating to SJW Group's reportable segment and other business activities:


	For the three months ended March 31, 2025
	Reportable Segment
	Water Utility Services		Other Services (1)	Unallocated Corporate (2)	Consolidated
Operating revenue	$	165,156	2,443	—	167,599

Less:
Production expenses	57,985		982	—	58,967
Administrative and general	26,751		560	449	27,760
Maintenance	7,003		496	—	7,499
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	9,209		(59)	45	9,195
Depreciation and amortization	28,032		27	223	28,282
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	13,039		—	5,233	18,272

Provision (benefit) for income taxes	5,306		226	(2,061)	3,471
Other (3)	(1,122)		(99)	(1,177)	(2,398)
Net income (loss)	$	18,953	310	(2,712)	16,551

Capital expenditures	$	84,345	—	—	84,345


	For the three months ended March 31, 2024
	Reportable Segment
	Water Utility Services		Other Services (1)	Unallocated Corporate (2)	Consolidated
Operating revenue	$	144,915	4,467	—	149,382

Less:
Production expenses	51,037		758	(1)	51,794
Administrative and general	23,850		810	1,128	25,788
Maintenance	6,243		444	—	6,687
Property taxes and other non-income taxes	8,590		238	2	8,830
Depreciation and amortization	28,061		86	223	28,370
Interest on long-term debt and other interest expense	11,542		221	5,821	17,584

Provision (benefit) for income taxes	3,696		584	(2,049)	2,231
Other (3)	(2,885)		(8)	(708)	(3,601)
Net income (loss)	$	14,781	1,334	(4,416)	11,699

Capital expenditures	$	73,511	—	—	73,511

___________________________________

(2) The “Unallocated Corporate” category includes the accounts of SJW Group, SJWNE LLC, SJWTX Holdings, Inc., CTWS, NWU on a stand-alone basis.

(3) Primarily comprised of pension non-service credit (cost) and items of miscellaneous non-operating income (expense).

SJW Group’s assets for the Water Utility Services reportable segment and all other are as follows as of:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Water Utility Services (reportable segment)	$	4,633,239	4,567,182
Other Services	27,841		25,053
Unallocated Corporate	67,730		66,074
Total assets	$	4,728,810	4,658,309

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:
Allowance for uncollectible accounts	$ 1,149	$ 1,172
Capitalization:
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	70,000,000	70,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	34,182,785	33,629,169
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	34,182,785	33,629,169

General

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

General

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods.

SJW Group is a holding company that conducts its business through the following wholly owned subsidiaries: San Jose Water Company (“SJWC”), SJWTX Holdings, Inc., SJW Land Company, SJWNE LLC, and National Water Utility Service, LLC (“National Water Utility”). SJWTX Holdings, Inc., is a holding company for its wholly owned subsidiaries, SJWTX, Inc., doing business as The Texas Water Company (“TWC”), Texas Water Operation Services, LLC, (“TWOS”) and Texas Water Resources, LLC (“TWR”). SJWNE LLC is the holding company for Connecticut Water Service, Inc. (“CTWS”) whose wholly owned subsidiaries are The Connecticut Water Company (“CWC”), The Maine Water Company (“MWC”), New England Water Utility Services, Inc. (“NEWUS”), and Chester Realty, Inc.

Revenue

SJW Group’s revenue components are as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	164,863	150,008
Alternative revenue programs, net	592		(1,837)
Other balancing and memorandum accounts and regulatory mechanisms, net	1,300		(564)
Rental income	844		1,775
	$	167,599	149,382

Nonutility Properties

The major components of nonutility properties as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are as follows:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Land	$	915	915

Buildings and improvements	399		399

Subtotal	1,314		1,314
Less: accumulated depreciation	99		98
Total	$	1,215	1,216

Fair Value Measurement

The fair value of SJW Group’s long-term debt was $1,507,329 and $1,490,024 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis, based on the current rates for similar financial instruments of the same duration and creditworthiness of the company. Of the total fair value of long-term debt at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $1,490,464 and $1,473,393, respectively, would be categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy and $16,865 and $16,631, respectively, would be categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

CTWS’s additional retirement benefits under the supplemental executive retirement plans and retirement contracts are funded by investment assets held by a Rabbi Trust. The fair value of the money market funds, mutual funds and fixed income investments in the Rabbi Trust was $2,763 and $2,812 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and are categorized as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Earnings per Share

New Accounting Standards

The recently issued accounting standards that have not yet been adopted by the company as of March 31, 2025 are as follows:

Standard

Description

Date of Adoption

Application

Effect on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09 “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”

SJW Group will adopt the ASU beginning with its annual financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2025.

Prospective, with retrospective application also permitted.

SJW Group is currently evaluating the requirements of ASU 2023-09.

ASU 2024-03 “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses”

Prospective, with retrospective application also permitted.

SJW Group is currently evaluating the requirements of ASU 2024-03.

Equity Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Compensation Costs Charged to Income and Proceeds from the Exercise of Any Restricted Stock and Similar Instruments that are Recorded to Additional Paid-In Capital and Common Stock, by Award Type

A summary of compensation costs charged to income, by award type, and proceeds from the ESPP, are presented below for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Compensation costs charged to income:
ESPP	$	89	195
Restricted stock and deferred restricted stock	1,121		1,343
Total compensation costs charged to income	$	1,210	1,538
ESPP proceeds	$	1,116	1,101

Benefit Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Benefit Plans

SJW Group maintains noncontributory defined benefit pension plans for its eligible employees. SJWC employees hired before March 31, 2008 and CWC and MWC employees hired before January 1, 2009 are entitled to benefits under the pension plans based on the employee’s years of service and compensation. For SJWC employees hired on or after March 31, 2008, benefits are determined using a cash balance formula based upon compensation credits and interest credits for each employee. Starting in 2023, TWC employees are also eligible to participate under SJWC’s cash balance plan. Certain employees hired before March 1, 2012, and covered by a plan merged into the CWC plan in 2013 are also entitled to benefits based on the employee’s years of service and compensation. CTWS employees hired on or after January 1, 2009, are entitled to an additional 1.5% of eligible compensation to their company sponsored savings plan. SJW Group does not have multi-employer plans.

In addition, senior management hired before March 31, 2008, for SJWC and January 1, 2009 for CWC, are eligible to receive additional retirement benefits under supplemental executive retirement plans and retirement contracts. SJWC’s senior management hired on or after March 31, 2008, are eligible to receive additional retirement benefits under SJWC’s Cash Balance Executive Supplemental Retirement Plan. The supplemental retirement plans and Cash Balance Executive Supplemental Retirement Plan are non-qualified plans in which only senior management and other designated members of management may participate. SJW Group also provides health care and life insurance benefits for retired employees under employer-sponsored postretirement benefits that are not pension plans.

The components of net periodic benefit costs for the defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:


	Pension Benefits			Other Benefits
	Three months ended March 31,
	2025		2024	2025		2024
Service cost	$	1,644	1,665	$	156	166
Interest cost	3,901		3,613	337		295
Expected return on assets	(4,944)		(4,463)	(295)		(267)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss	(458)		(18)	(214)		(160)
Amortization of prior service cost	—		4	—		—
Total	$	143	801	$	(16)	34

In 2025, SJW Group expects to make required and discretionary cash contributions of up to $6,113 to the pension plans and other postretirement benefits. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, SJW Group has made $1,477 contributions to such plans.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

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+ Details

Regulatory Matters (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Regulated Operations [Abstract]

Schedule of Regulatory Assets, Net

Regulatory assets and liabilities are comprised of the following as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Regulatory assets:
Income tax temporary differences (a) (p)	$	181,282	180,103
Monterey Water Revenue Adjustment Mechanism (“MWRAM”) (b)	13,032		9,985
Business combinations debt premium (c) (p)	11,678		12,313
Employee benefit costs (d) (p)	6,262		6,370
Revenue adjustment mechanisms (e) (p)	5,766		5,024
Customer Assistance Program (“CAP”) balancing account (f)	5,717		6,599
2022 general rate case interim memorandum account (h)	2,249		3,392
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits (g) (p)	1,506		3,177

Other (j)	15,682		15,264
Total regulatory assets	243,174		242,227
Less: current regulatory assets (k)	16,572		18,172
Total regulatory assets, less current portion	$	226,602	224,055
Regulatory liabilities:
Cost of removal (l)	372,029		364,398
Future income tax benefits due to customers (m)	83,670		84,128
Unrecognized pensions and other postretirement benefits (g)	27,782		27,872
Water supply costs (i)	4,726		3,386
Employee benefit costs (d)	3,028		1,137
Revenue adjustment mechanisms (e)	573		1,122
Other (n)	2,722		2,798
Total regulatory liabilities	494,530		484,841
Less: current regulatory liabilities (o)	573		1,122
Total regulatory liabilities, less current portion	$	493,957	483,719

___________________________________

(b)MWRAM is described in the following section.

(c)Consists of debt fair value adjustments recognized through purchase accounting for the completed merger with CTWS in 2019.

(d)Includes deferrals of pension and other postretirement benefit expense and cost of accrued benefits for vacation, and group health insurance.

(e)Primarily relates to Water Rate Adjustment mechanism (“WRA”). WRA and Water Conservation Memorandum Account (“WCMA”) are described in the following section.

(f)Represents costs associated with SJWC’s CAP.

(l)Represents amounts collected in rates from customers for estimated costs to retire assets at the end of their expected useful lives before the costs are incurred.

income taxes. The benefit of amortization of excess deferred income taxes flows back to the customers under current normalization rules and agreed upon methods with the commissions.

(n)Other includes accrued tank painting costs and other regulatory mechanisms.

(o)Primarily relates to the current portion of WRA.

(p)Generally, not earning a return either by interest on the regulatory asset or as a component of rate base at the allowed rate of return.